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Grammar Notebook

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explanation-3awhite‘m one of those people that has to learn something like a 100 times over before it gets stored up in my short term memory, so you can image how long it takes to have it etched permanently in my long term one. And we humans do forget things naturally, some more than others (mind you), I feel I’m becoming one of the others lately (should I be worried?). So this is my grammar reference notebook where I’ve put down all grammar I learned and encountered. Along with the meaning I’ve included example sentences and to promote natural comprehension, translation is excluded, unless necessary (means I was too lazy to type). But I do believe one should be able to grasp the meaning when seen in context. Along with English explanations, Chinese (the majority of my books are Japanese – Chinese) and Dutch (sometimes it just makes more sense to me) will occasionally also be used.
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いきます (to do)

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〜う(よう)か〜まいか (will…will not, whether…or not, 〜かどうか, 要…,还是不要)

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〜おかげで (owing to, thanks to)

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かえって〜 (on the contrary, instead)
がち (ことが多い, often, tend to, 经常, vaak)
(た)かと思うと (as soon as I noticed, almost immediately, 以为是…却…, 刚…接…)
必ずしも〜ない (not necessary, 不一定)
〜かわりに (instead of)

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気味 (ちょっと, 有些, 有点)

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〜くせに (in spite of, although (a feeling of blame or criticism), 可是却…, 尽管…, 偏偏…)
〜ぐらいは〜 / 〜ぐらいの〜は〜 (minimum, at least, 起码, 最底限度)

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〜経由で〜 (via)
(〜そう, seems, 好像)

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ことだ (should, 〜ほうがいい)
〜ことと存じます (〜と思います)
〜ことはない (no need to)
込む (1. an entering state, 进入的意思 2. a continuous state, 深入或持续)
これでは (这样)

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〜最中に (right in the middle of, 正在)
〜際に (〜時に)
さっぱり〜ない (全然〜ない, 完全不, 一点也不)
〜ざるを得ない (〜しか〜ない, have no choice but to, cannot (help) but do)

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しか〜ない (nothing but, only, just, 只, 仅)

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済み (already, 已经, 完了, 了)
すると (1. thereupon, hereupon, 于是 2. so, in other words, 那么说…, 那么)

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〜せいで (because of)
せめて〜たら (at least, 起码, 至少)

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〜た (isn’t it, right…?, again…?, didn’t…?, 表示对事物的重新认识)
だいぶ (considerably, greatly, a lot, very, (已)很)
〜だけで (いい) (with, by, using) only, 只(就行了)
〜だけでは (否定) (only with, only by)
出す (1. start of an action, 开始某动作 2. produce something, 做出来, 显出来)
〜たびに (everytime, whenever, 每次)
単に〜だけ (ばかり) (only, merely, simply, just, 仅, 只, 单)

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ついでに (while, since (anyway))
っけ (…again?, …already?)

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〜であろうと (no matter, even if, whether, 无论…,还是…)
できるだけ〜 (as much as one can)
〜てすぐ (に) (immediately after, right after)
でも (also, too, even, 也, 都)
〜ては (and, whenever, 又…又…, 一…就…, 每…就…, herhaaldelijke actie)
〜てはどう (suggesting something)
〜ではなく、〜だ (not…, but… / 不是…, 而是…)

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〜というと (といえば, speaking of, when you say, 说起…, 若说…)
〜というわけだ (就是说)
〜といった (という + 例的语气(とかとか))
どうやら〜らしい(ようだ) (somehow…seems, it seems like, it appears that)
ところ (1. time, 时间 2. scope, 范围 3. situation, 情况)
〜どころか (far from A in fact B, 不但…而且, 岂止…而且, 根本不是…而是)
〜ところから (表示句判断的根据,理由,并暗示还有其它各种理由的存在)
〜との〜 (called, という, って)
〜とされている (it is said that, it is know that)
〜と比較にならない (两者相差太大不能放在一起比)
とも (both, as well as, including, with, together with)
〜とよい (can (it’s ok), 可以, 〜といい)
どんなに〜か (多么)

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〜ないで(なくて)すむ (don’t have to, 用不着…也行,不…也可以)
〜中を (through…)
なくてはならない (must, have to, 必须,非…不可, なければならない, なきゃだめ)
〜なしに (は) / 〜なしで (without)
なり (in one’s own way, one’s own style)
なんか / なんて / など (emphasis, 强调意外,责怪的心情)
なんにもならない (no use, het heeft geen zin, geen nut, zinloos)

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(with, at, by, for)
〜にかわって (in place of (in one’s place), replacing, 取代, 代替)
〜にしては (considering that, for, 作为…来说, 对来…说)
〜にする (decide on, 决定)
〜について (on, about, 有关, 关于)
〜につき (due to, because of, 因, 因为, 由于)
〜にも (even if, even though, no matter…still, 即使…也…, 不管…都)
〜によって (手段)
〜によっては (some, 有的, 有些)
〜によると / 〜によれば (according to)

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の話では (according to, 〜によると、〜によれば)
のだ / んだ (the expectation is that, it is that, the reason is that)

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別に〜ない (not very, not so, 并不, 不那么)

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(strong emphasis, very)
まい (will not, probably won’t, probably not)
〜まくる (to do something a lot)
〜までもない (don’t need, don’t have to, no need to, 不必, 不用, 用不着, 无须)

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めったに〜ない (あまり〜ない, 不常, 很少)

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もの / もん (‘cus, cause, 〜から)
ものか / もんか (not at all, never at all, 絶対〜ない)
〜ものだから / 〜もんだから (〜(な)ので)
〜ものなら / 〜もんなら (if (verb) can…)
ものの (〜けれど, although, 虽然)

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〜やいなや〜 (just as soon as)

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〜ように思う (seem to, 我觉得似乎, 似乎认为)
より (side, close to, by, at, 偏, 靠近)
〜よりもむしろ〜の方が〜 (〜より〜の方が〜, more than…perhaps/instead/rather…)

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わけだ (expected result, of course, (の)は当たり前だ)
〜わけではない (it does not mean that, it is not that, 并非, 并不是)
わけのわからない (meaningless, no sense, 莫名其妙的)
〜わりに(は) (for (an unexpected feeling), 相对于)

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〜を機会に (take/see as an opportunity/chance/starter, 以…为机会, aanleiding)
〜をもとにして / 〜をもととして (based on, built on, made from)

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double verb action (…ながら…する)

5 Comments leave one →
  1. April 15, 2014 4:21 pm

    Your current info also tips exceedingly accessible to my opinion.

    Many thanks exceptionally very much upfront.
    The comprehension within this focus is great, I’m happy in which the following is
    gotten back. Thanks all over again!

  2. March 18, 2015 3:25 am

    UPDATES..?

  3. Anonymous permalink
    April 8, 2015 6:37 pm

    Okay I’m a bigginer and i know that the charecters not only spell out words but indicate and mean things. Like the sound “no” also indicates something. And WA means the subject of a sentence…but idk all of them. It would be nice if there was a little explination

    • November 9, 2015 6:14 am

      Hello there. If you are wondering about the characters Hiragana and Katakana, then it’s best if you learnt them alone. There are a lot of sources on the internet that could help you in that regard and I can guarantee you that through daily effort you will manage to master them rather quickly. My advice is that you should start learning four characters per day or so and repeat every each you know every day until you learn them all -afterwards, you could repeat all those characters for another couple of days, and you’ll be done with it. Of course you should continue using/writing/spelling/speaking those characters so you won’t forget them, but I believe that through daily effort, you’ll manage to learn them perfectly fine in no time. Also, here’s a great source I’ve been using last year to learn Hiragana and Katakana: http://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/japanese-characters.html
      がんばて ください!

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